The Institute owns a precious collection of scientific instruments of historical interest used in its laboratories for research purposes since the first years of its foundation (1934). This rich collection is currently located in various premises of the Institute. The instruments which are mostly representative of the history and research activities of the Institute are exhibited in the ISS Museum, which was inaugurated in 2017. Other equipments of similar interest are displayed in the so-called "Nobel Room" and in the different premises in the ISS Library. The process of cataloguing the instruments began in the early 1990s, while still today the collection is enriched with new research equipments of historical value. This first activity in the creation of the collection was the preservation and cataloguing of the instruments originally used in the Laboratories of Therapeutic Chemistry (directed by the Nobel Prize Daniel Bovet in 1947-1964), in the Department of Elementary Organic Microanalysis (about 200 objects) and in the Laboratory of Physics (an important collection of about 450 objects, some of which came from the famous Royal Physics Institute in Rome). The idea of building up the collection came to a technician of the Laboratory of Physics, Giacomo Monteleone, who was the first to recognize the historical potential interest that these obsolete objects would have had in the years to come. Later on, several initiatives were developed to enlarge and promote the collection such as, for instance, the publication of a dedicated institutional series titled "I beni storico-scientifici dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità" https://www.iss.it/i-beni-storico-scientifici. The "Scientific Instruments" section of Archiss includes the cataloguing records and the photographs of the first core of the collection. The cataloguing is still underway. Where possible, historical images of the initial location of the instruments in the laboratory of origin are available.